Category: Compelling Settings - Mala Naidoo’s Book World

Writing a compelling sense of place means making the setting feel alive—not just where the story happens, but how it feels to be there in the moment during a significant event or situation, and why it matters. Here are some practical suggestions on ways to do it

Engage more than sight

Strong settings use multiple senses.

Sound:distant traffic, buzzing insects, echoing halls
Smell:rain on a grassy patch after a hot day, old books, salt in the air
Touch:gritty sand, humid air sticking to skin, cold metal
Taste (limit use) :dust in the mouth, bitterness of smoke

Example:

The fan creaked and groaned as if knowing it faced a losing battle against the summer heat.

Filter the place through the character

The setting should reflect who is experiencing it. Two characters in the same place will notice different things.

Consider:

What would this character care about here?
What makes them edgy, angry, or nostalgic?

Example:

The summer heat made Moira faint, the infernal sun created a cremation site in their backyard. Her cousin, energetic and unaware of the rivers of sweat dripping off him, kicked the ball around the yard multiple times.

Choose specific, concrete details

Make a place believable. Avoid generic words like nice, busy, or beautiful.

Food carts hissed with steam while cyclists threaded through stalled taxis, bells ringing in sharp bursts.

Rather than, ‘it was a busy street.’

Let setting interact with action

Weave the story into what’s happening.

Example:

He shoved the door open, and warm bar air spilled onto the cold sidewalk, carrying laughter and the smell of fried onions.

Use setting to support mood and theme

The place should reinforce the emotional tone of the scene.

Tension → narrow spaces, harsh light, noise
Calm → open spaces, steady rhythms, soft textures, natural romantic landscapes
Isolation → emptiness, distance, silence, derelict buildings

Example:

The field stretched empty in every direction, the sky so wide it made her feel smaller with every step.

Don’t over describe

A few strong details are more powerful than a full inventory.

Rule of thumb:

1–3 vivid details per paragraph is usually enough
Let the reader’s imagination do the rest

Make place matter to the story

Ask yourself:

Would this scene work just as well somewhere else?
If yes, the setting might not be pulling its weight.

Ways to make it matter:

The place creates obstacles
The place holds history or memories
The place mirrors change in the character

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Place in a story is vital to ground where and why characters react to or create situations which drive the plot of a story. Within identified locations, characters become loved or despised for the actions and reactions they indulge in.

People connect to a place for an array of reasons because it holds the memory of:

a brilliant childhood/not so brilliant childhood
first love/first break-up
marriage/honeymoon/divorce
travelling to landscapes or geographic locations where culture, cuisine, architecture, history or local people either inspire or horrify
favourite authors/celebrities who lived in those settings
the stories heard or read about places making them part of one’s experience
loss and grief
spirituality
the devastation of war and politics
personal heritage associated with a place
the comfort of home, a bedroom, a garden, study

The reasons are endless making it necessary when writing a story to anchor it in a specific place or a few places to create a sense of physical reality for the reader. Place, in fiction, does not have to be grounded in a real geographic location, the sights, sounds and smells – odours or aromas of a place will bring it to life for the reader based on how effective the sensory imagery is in connecting the reader to the context of the action.

The lines below portray an inescapable landscape that confines and stifles. The narration indicates familiarity with a place which makes it experiential for the reader through the author’s specific framing of location. Here, the place is named creating the reality the reader craves, when a place remains unnamed, evocative sensory imagery creates a link in the reader’s imagination.

The heat in the street was terrible, and dust was all about him, and that special Petersburg stench, so familiar to all who are unable to get out of town in summer –Author, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment.

In the creation of a fictional place the writer is the creative camera lens, beginning with a wide view, then zooming into backstreets before giving close up consideration to:

Demography – who will be created in this terrain- will it be a multicultural environment? What morals and values might come to light, is there an alternate way of thinking endorsed by a group?
What is the socio-economic dynamic of this place?
What’s the weather like?
What sounds are heard in this place?
Is this a city or rural setting- what other aspects will you include to define this landscape?
Is it a busy or laid back place?
Is this a contemporary world or a lost and forgotten world?

Let the reader reach his or her own conclusion but be sure to add drama to most scenes and emotions that characters go through- this will allow the reader to speculate why particular locations elicit human reactions the way they do.

I leave you with these lines that reveal the human condition through the words of Alan Paton in his novel, Cry the Beloved Country:

The great red hills stand desolate, and the earth has torn away like flesh. The lightning flashes over them, the clouds pour down upon them, the dead streams come to life, full of the red blood of the earth. Down in the valleys, women scratch the soil that is left, and the maize hardly reaches the height of a man. They are valleys of old men and old women, of mothers and children. The men are away, the young men and the girls are away. The soil cannot keep them anymore.

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